How to Write a Research Paper on Architecture, Building and Planning Detailed Guide

Aspects of happiness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Parts of satisfaction - Essay Example One can expect little snags that life tosses about since we can't hope to live every moment with a grin. The upward pattern, for this situation, s prudent since it has dependable outcomes that can be seen over decades in the event that one chooses to remain cheerful. Another reason utilized in the exposition is that of exact research. Another type of the review completed was to decide the impact that instruction has on joy. The point was to decide how it feels like when one considers instructive accomplishments and if that can encourage bliss. The study put together the discoveries with respect to both the measure of time taken in instruction just as the levels achieved. Be that as it may, this observational investigation yielded less occasions of relationship among's training and bliss. Argyle discovered that despite the fact that specific degrees of instructive accomplishment satisfied individuals, it likewise raised their desires for better existence with higher earnings, which wi ll in general baffle individuals if things don't work as indicated by plan. So in the quest for bliss, the primary concern where one can make it from progress in instruction is the point at which an individual finds a well paying line of work in the wake of wrapping up with training. Another issue that was raised for investigation of its impact on satisfaction is marriage.â Â However, a great many people begin encountering a descending pattern when they get kids, particularly if these children become youngsters, as that is the phase in their lives when they are very difficult to manage, and that may bring down the degree of bliss beforehand witnessed.â â ... d that the things that issue most to individuals as far as joy are essentially what is felt right now as well as include the intermittent examples of these things of joy. The reason of experimentation further got outcomes to demonstrate that individuals incline toward tragic circumstances that take long yet get less pitiful with time than to encounter miserable minutes that end unexpectedly however abandon an imprint. The end showed up at demonstrated that from the investigation, the glad lives are those that end well or even better, the ones that show an upward pattern. The repudiating perspectives to this finding showed that a descending pattern yields upsetting results. The speaker solicits the crowd the sort from life they would select to have just to wind up with gigantic frustrations. It is, in this way, prudent to look for an upward pattern in quest for bliss if an individual needs a simple life that is kind of tranquil. One can expect little hindrances that life tosses about since we can't hope to live every moment with a grin. The upward pattern for this situation is prudent since it has dependable outcomes that can be seen over decades in the event that one chooses to remain glad. Another reason utilized in the exposition is that of observational research. Another type of overview did was to decide the impact that training has on joy. The point was to decide how it feels like when one considers instructive accomplishments and if that can encourage satisfaction. The review put together the discoveries with respect to both the measure of time taken in training just as the levels achieved. Be that as it may, this observational investigation yielded less occurrences of connection among's training and joy. Argyle discovered that despite the fact that specific degrees of instructive accomplishment fulfilled individuals, it likewise raised their desires for

Argumentative Essay Topics Are Available For Free - How To Write One Online

Argumentative Essay Topics Are Available For Free - How To Write One OnlineWhen you think about it, there are a lot of free argumentative essay topics on the internet. In fact, many people write for free and get a lot of traffic and a lot of repeat business by getting on the web and submitting articles to free websites or putting their articles on a web page. Many people have already written for free.It is a writer's benefit to start writing essays for free. After all, this can only mean that they want to learn more about writing arguments. Now, here are some reasons to write for free.First, to write for free, you really don't need to know how to do anything else other than type the article. That is to say, if you are familiar with using the web, then you will find yourself much better able to move into other areas of the writing process. Don't worry about things like grammar, spelling, punctuation, or proofreading. There is no reason to invest in the knowledge that you can get for f ree.Second, another benefit to writing for free is that you will have an idea of the style of writing that you will be using, rather than trying to figure that out by reading the various free argumentative essay topics. Not only do you learn what style you will be using, but you will learn how to use that style when you put words down on paper. You will learn to write and to argue, without the time-consuming trial and error that come with learning how to do each separately.Third, when you get your hands on a few free essay topics, you will become more familiar with writing and with what the writing process is like. This can be very useful for two reasons. The first is that it will give you a greater comfort level with the writing process, and the second is that it can make you a better writer. When you get your hands on a few essay topics and you get to practice the process of writing a persuasive essay, then you may be able to improve your argumentation and your writing abilities a s well. Once you are comfortable with the writing process, then you will be able to apply that understanding to the writing of your essays. This is particularly useful for writers who are trying to improve their argumentative skills.In addition, when you read a few free essay topics, then you will be able to pick up some writing habits. You will also learn about the psychology of the written word, and this can be very useful when you try to improve your writing. As you learn more about the writing process, you will also learn more about yourself and your writing skills. And finally, when you get your hands on a few free essay topics, you will also pick up a bit of the mannerisms that you will be using to present yourself and your ideas to your readers.It is extremely easy to get started with writing for free. Just go online and look for free essay topics. Then, get out there and write!

Origins Of The Cold War - 1465 Words

18.1- Origins of the Cold War †¢ Allies Clash o After World War II finally came to an end, the United States and Soviet Union had conflicting ideas of how to restore the world back to normal. ï‚ § Stalin wanted complete and ultimate control over the countries that were within the borders of the Soviet Union, spreading communist regimes. ï‚ § Meanwhile, the United States wished for all these states that were under Nazi rule to have self-determination. o This essentially formed a rivalry between the ideals of capitalism versus the beliefs of communism. o Yet, Stalin and Truman were very skeptical of each other and for good reasons too. ï‚ § The United States knew Stalin was not trustworthy as he turned for American aid only after Hitler invaded†¦show more content†¦o Due to his inexperience and being successor to someone as great as FDR, the people had much doubt in him and waited to see if Truman could prove himself as a worthy president. o Tensions between Truman and Stalin would begin to unveil at the Potsdam Conference, months after the Yalta Conference in which FDR was at. ï‚ § Stalin took advantage of the situation and made it clear he would not keep his promise of allowing Eastern Europe to be free, as he banned democratic parties and elections. o In addition, both the Soviet Union and the United States were enduring boom of industry, requiring more natural resources from other parts of the world. o This caused Stalin to tighten his rule over Eastern Europe, as he felt he deserved it as reparations due to the damage of World War II. ï‚ § The Cold War, a conflict in which Capitalism and Communism indirectly fought each other, had begun and would continue for almost a century. †¢ Fight Against Communism o Stalin began to build several communist regimes all throughout Eastern Europe in countries such as: Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Romania, and Poland. ï‚ § This region became known as satellite nations in which Stalin announced that capitalism and communism cannot exist in peace together. o The United States responded with the policy of containment, which meant to take any measure to prevent communism from further spreading. ï‚ § Europe was

Autism And Asperger Syndrome Similarities And Differences

Autism and Asperger Syndrome are two similar disorders and are too often confused. The average person knows little about either, (often thinking the two are the same), and this ignorance leads people to make hasty rationalizations. The difference between the two can often be great, which is why they are separate disorders. While people fail to see the difference, distinguishing between the two can be as easy as recognizing the severity of one’s problem. While they share similar characteristics and signs there is a difference between these two disorders. So what is autism? Autism is a developmental disorder that can cause severe impairments in attention, cognition, communication, and social functioning. In the most extreme forms, persons†¦show more content†¦While they may share similar symptoms Autism is more severe in every way than Asperger’s. Asperger syndrome is an autism spectrum disorder considered to be on the â€Å"high functioning† end of the spectrum. Affected children and adults have difficulty with social interactions and exhibit a restricted range of interests and/or repetitive behaviors. Motor development may be delayed, leading to clumsiness or uncoordinated motor movements. Compared with those affected by other forms of ASD, however, those with Asperger syndrome do not have significant delays or difficulties in language or cognitive development. Unlike autism, Asperger’s isn’t diagnosed early on. It often goes unnoticed until children or adults begin to have problems in school or work respectively. They may have difficulty interacting with others and have quirks that others may see as strange. When these symptoms begin to be noticed by family or friends they may be taken in for an evaluation where they are diagnosed with Asperger’s. Some may go their whole lives without being diagnosed even when they do have it because they have such moderate symptoms. When their disorder is mild it could go unnoticed until they are an adult and even then it may not be certain they have this disorder. While Autism and Asperger’s share characteristics they are actually very different. Although Asperger s syndrome is similar in some ways to autism there are some important differences. Children with Asperger s

Is Super Size Me Convincing free essay sample

The doctors were certain that if he did not end the experiment immediately, he would have caused irreparable damage to his body. Using the rhetorical triangle, we can illustrate how the documentary utilizes the three points of logos, ethos, and pathos in order to establish a well founded, credible, and effective argument. Without the use of the rhetorical triangle, trying to create a well founded, credible account of anything would be difficult. One could argue that if an argument lacks any part of the rhetorical triangle, the argument is incomplete, and has no credibility or effectiveness. The rhetorical triangle provides the structure; the frame of a well thought out and well presented meaningful argument. And by doing so – using the rhetorical triangle, on can create a nearly foolproof reasoning and support for something they believe or support. This is what Spurlock has done here. The message; the appeal to ethos – the argument, the reason, data, evidence, and structure. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Super Size Me Convincing? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The documentary uses simple, straightforward scientific methods to gather, collect, and analyze the data obtained from the study. Spurlock does this in order to get the message to people that eating nothing but fast food all of the time is terribly detrimental to your body. Your health suffers, and can even affect you mentally. Throughout the movie, he provides a simple structure of the task at hand, to eat nothing but McDonald’s all day, every day, for every meal. He does this to show that in no way is eating fast food good for you and that it should absolutely be limited if not totally eliminated from your diet. Fast foods have caused – or at least helped to cause many American’s problems with obesity and iseases such as diabetes. There have been many studies to support these claims and none are unfounded assumptions. The next unit of the rhetorical triangle that the documentary has covered is that of pathos – the audience and the appeals to their emotions, beliefs, values, knowledge and experience. Every American and many of the other peoples of the world have heard of McDonaldâ⠂¬â„¢s. They all know of food, and most have had experience with it as well. They know that it tastes good, and is fast and easy. They believe that it is perfectly harmless as well, most of them, anyhow. What they don’t know is that it is absolutely terrible for you and causes much more harm than good. What the movie tries to do is show how the effects of eating so much fast food can harm you. The results can be absolutely horrible, and if left uncorrected could lead to permanent damage. The movie tries to use the shock and scare factor of your emotions to get their message across that this stuff is no good. Any intelligent, rational person will take a step back and think twice about what they eat and especially whether or not to eat fast food, even a little. The effect for some people may be nothing, but others, like me will initially completely avoid fast food because of the shock that the movie gave us. Later on, however, after the shock has passed it is no big deal to go back for a burger – which can be dangerous. The biggest appeal to fast food it just that – it is fast. It is fast, easy, convenient and tasty. Quite appealing. The use of pathos on children is especially prevalent in McDonalds. They target children everywhere, on television, in schools, on signs, and on billboards. Children today cannot avoid them. They use these advertisements almost subliminally, so that the children will crave and seek out their food. Once they get there, they are overwhelmed with flashy, fun advertising gimmicks. They have happy meals with toys to entice them with, and a playground too. Why wouldn’t a child want to go to a place like that? Food, toys, and a playground all in one, it is wonderful. I remember I used to always enjoy going there as a kid. I cannot stand McDonalds now, however, for many it has and will become a life-long bond of company and consumer. This is exactly what McDonalds wants and is what they thrive on, f course – they are a business. The last appeal to be covered is that of ethos – credibility, authority, appearance and eloquence. Here, as in other aspects there are two sides to the ethos in this documentary. On one side is Spurlock and his doctors and professionals, and on the other side, McDonalds. First off, McDonalds wants you to think that their food is noth ing but tasty and filling – which it can be. They do not want you to know the harmful and unhealthy aspects of eating there. After all, they want you to come back and spend more money! What Spurlock wants to do with his documentary is get the message out that what we are doing to ourselves by eating this food is hurting us. He wants to expose that what the fast food business is doing is wrong. He does a good job of doing this, as he is very clear about what he is doing, and how he does it. He uses credible people such as doctors, scientists, and specialists to support his claims and make sure what he tells us is accurate. He does a great job of creating a convincing argument – one that is difficult to pick apart and find fault within. He has done a great job of providing clear, concise, convincing data. The movie Super Size Me is a great documentary and does a wonderful job of – well, documenting the research that Spurlock has done. He put himself through thirty days of hell of eating nothing but McDonald’s food in order to show what would happen if that is all you ate – nothing but McDonald’s food for an entire month. The result was shocking and horrifying at the same time. Spurlock gained over twenty pounds of body fat – while probably losing quite a lot of muscle mass and gained nearly twenty percent body fat. After thirty days that is amazing. His health deteriorated to the point that he nearly caused permanent damage to some of his vital organs such as his liver. The results were simply shocking, and they were foolproof as well, everything was done in a way that no one can argue with them and say that well, this was not caused by eating only McDonald’s. It was all directly caused by the food. This a very well structured and convincing study and they have done a great job through the documentary of portraying the information to the public.

Seventh Grade Essay by Gary Soto free essay sample

In French class Victor blurts out that he knows French, and then murmurs out an incorrect French sentence. Knowing that he embarrassed himself, Victor becomes scared. Victor’s French teacher, Mr. Bueller, does not say anything, avoiding saying that Victors French is incorrect. Victor has full responsibility in creating his problem. If Victor did not try to impress Teresa by reciting his attempted French then there would not be a problem. The only influence on the problem was Mr. Bueller who solved the problem. Towards the end of the story Victor has definitely learned from his experience. Victor has learned that you should be yourself, although Victor knows he will have to carry on his problem by renting out French textbooks in order to impress Teresa. I know this from the following sentence, â€Å"†¦ and after biology a long sprint to the public library, where he checked out three French textbooks. He was going to like seventh grade†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and, â€Å" Victor couldn’t stand to look at Teresa. We will write a custom essay sample on Seventh Grade Essay by Gary Soto or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He was sweaty with shame†. The story ends happily. Victor has accepted that he will have to work hard in seventh grade to prove to Teresa that he is quite fluent in French. This is proved in the following sentence, â€Å"†¦ and after biology a long sprint to the public library, where he checked out three French textbooks. He was going to like seventh grade†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . The story is ended in an exciting fashion with a funny sarcastic remark. The short story Seventh Grade uses an embarrassing situation caused by the characters actions to impress a girl. Victor, the main character, understands that he has full responsibility in creating his own problem. A positive sarcastic comment by Victor creates a happy end to the short story.

How Our Aligning Behavior Shapes Everyday Life

How Our Aligning Behavior Shapes Everyday Life Sociologists recognize that people do a lot of unseen work to make sure that our interactions with others go as we wish them to. Much of that work is about agreeing to or challenging what sociologists call the definition of the situation. Aligning action is any behavior that indicates to others the acceptance of a particular definition of the situation, while a realigning action  is an attempt to change the definition of the situation. For example, when the house lights dim in a theater, the audience typically stops talking and turns their attention to the stage. This indicates their acceptance and support for the situation and expectations that go with it and constitutes an aligning action. Conversely, an employer who makes sexual advances to an employee is trying to change the definition of the situation from one of work to one of sexual intimacy - an attempt that may or may not be met with an aligning action. The Theory Behind Aligning and Realigning Actions Aligning and realigning actions are part of sociologist Erving Goffmans dramaturgical perspective in sociology. This is a theory for framing and analyzing social interaction that uses the metaphor of the stage and a theater performance to tease out the intricacies of the many social interactions that comprise everyday life. Central to the dramaturgical perspective is a shared understanding of the definition of the situation. The definition of the situation must be shared and collectively understood in order for social interaction to happen. It is based on commonly understood social norms. Without it, we wouldnt know what to expect of each other, what to say to one another, or how to behave. According to Goffman, an aligning action is something a person does to indicate that they agree with the existing definition of the situation. Simply put, it means going along with what is expected. A realigning action is something that is designed to challenge or change the definition of the situation. It is something that either breaks with norms or seeks to establish new ones. Examplesof Aligning Actions Aligning actions are important because they tell those around us that we will behave in expected and normal ways. They can be totally commonplace and mundane, like waiting in line to purchase something at a shop, exiting an airplane in an orderly fashion after it has landed, or leaving a classroom at the ringing of the bell and heading to the next one before the next bell sounds. They can also be seemingly more important or momentous, like when we exit a building after a fire alarm has been activated, or when we wear black, bow our heads, and speak in quiet tones at a funeral. Whatever form they take, aligning actions say to others that we agree with the norms and expectations of a given situation and that we will act accordingly. Examplesof Realigning Actions Realigning actions are significant because they tell those around us that we are breaking from norms and that our behavior is likely to be unpredictable. They signal to those we interact with that tense, awkward, or even dangerous situations may follow. Importantly, realigning actions can also signal that the person making them believes that the norms that typically define the given situation are wrong, immoral, or unjust and that another definition of the situation is required to repair this. For example, when some audience members stood and began singing at a symphony performance in St. Louis in 2014, the performers on stage and most audience members were shocked. This behavior significantly redefined the typical definition of the situation for a classical musical performance in a theater. That they unfurled banners condemning the killing of young Black man Michael Brown and sang a slave hymn redefined the situation as one of peaceful protest and a call to action to the mostly white audience members to support the fight for justice. But, realigning actions can be mundane as well and can be as simple as clarifying in conversation when ones words are misunderstood. Updated by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Character Development How to Write Great Characters [Worksheet]

Character Development How to Write Great Characters [Worksheet] Character Development: How to Write Great Characters [Worksheet] The character development in your story is vital for its selling.After all, people love and rave about books not always because of the story itselfBut because of the characters they fell in love with.In fact, it’s specifically because someone fell in love with the characters and care so much about them and their journey that theyre willing to follow them through the entirety of it.That is why you need to put an emphasis on the character development in the book you’re writing- or preparing to write.Here is your 12 step guide for good character development:Create a background for your characterGive your character strengths and weaknessesCreate nervous ticks for your characterAvoid making a perfect characterGive your character realistic motivesGive them a unique featureDevelop a wide variety of character personalitiesCreate an impact of your characters pastMake secondary characters foil typesGive each character a unique voiceCreate a diverse character castAvoid character s tereotypesStick with us through this post and you’ll learn exactly how to accomplish character development in a way that will make readers think about your characters as if they were real people.Once you nail all of these, you’ll be writing strong characters in no time.Get Your Character Development SheetSometimes its worth it to have a character development sheet to keep track of your characters. Not only will you be able to keep track, but you can zoom out and better see if youre creating two character archetypes who are too much alike.Are you ready to get started right now? Download your free character development sheet to keep track of each character you write. Download your FREE character development worksheet!Talk to an Expert to Discuss Your Character DevelopmentDid you know we have our experts on hand to help you with your books- for free!It’s true.Just book a call for a FREE 20-minute coaching call and our experts can help you gain clarity on what youre struggling with and how you can work through it to finish your book!BOOK A FREE COACHING CALL!Talk with one of our experts by clicking the button below and scheduling your free coaching call.Click Here to Book a CallWhat is Character Development?Character development is the process and execution of creating a fully rounded, complex, and lifelike character within your fictional writing with the purpose of making readers invested in them and their life or journey.Think of character development like the paper of your book. Without it, you simply dont have a book at all- you just have a mess of ink smeared between two cover.But before we get into the extensive details, I’m go ing to cover what constitutes a well-developed character as well as the different types of character development you may consider.What is a Well Developed Character?A well-developed character needs a full backstory, personality traits reflective of it, realistic actions and emotions, along with being highly relatable to the average reader and as complex as a real person.If you cant imagine your characters as a real-life person, theyre not quite complex enough to be well developed. The key with character development is crafting your characters to feel as if theyre people you know who just live far away.Get comfortable with thinking of them as real and you almost always will have a well-developed character.Types of Character DevelopmentWhen it comes to learning how to write characters and write them well you have to understand which type of character youre dealing with.These are the different types of characters to write:ProtagonistAntagonistSecondaryStaticFoilStockDynamic/RoundDonà ¢â‚¬â„¢t be alarmed if you think this is a lot of different types of characters. After all, we all have people in our real lives who would fill these character â€Å"types† and that’s why it’s important for your book to include them.Without them, you can’t go through with character development and expect a captivating cast.But let’s help you understand what each type of character brings to the story.With this information, you can better understand which character development to focus on with each of the fictional people you create.12 Actionable Character Development TipsNow that you know which type of character you’re focusing on here when writing your book, let’s dive deeper into the character development methods you can use and exercises to help you get it right. #1 Create a background for each characterOur realities are shaped by where we’ve been, where we are, and where we want to go.That being said, the one with the most influence on our lives is where we’ve been our past.The same is likely true for your character. Based on what their life was like prior to the start of your novel, they’ll have different interests, quirks, fears, and more.Your job is to fill out what their life has looked like up until the beginning of your book. Character Development ExerciseFill out a character development sheet so you can understand your characters as full-fleshed people instead of just two-dimensional beings you created. Cover these main ideas when crafting your character’s background: Their childhood (good, bad, poverty-stricken, spoiled, etc.) Their parents (divorced, never married, one missing, both missing) Their friendships Their hobbies and interests as a kid versus now Their motivations for feeling the way they do about any given situation Their personality type and how it affects their actions These are some basic elements you should understand about your character in order to shape their personality, opinions, and actions that appropriately fit their background.#2 Know your characters’ strengths and weaknessesOne of the biggest means of influence over your characters will be their strengths or weaknesses.We, as humans, constantly face our strengths and weaknesses on a daily basis, even in the smallest of forms.What your characters are good at and what they’re not great at will affect how they perceive different events, what actions they choose to take, and can affect their overall character arc (which we’ll touch on later).If your character’s strength is talking to strangers and gaining their trust, this might be an asset for them throughout their journey. However, if that is your character’s weakness and they’re forced to do so, it can cause conflict for them.These strengths and weaknesses will shape your character arc and the plot as a whole, so know them well before writing. Character Development ExerciseCre ate a list of 3 strengths and 3 weaknesses for your characters. Make sure these play into the plot in order to cause conflict and gain sympathy from readers who can relate.#3 Create nervous ticks or habitsIf you’ve paid attention to humans for long enough, you’re aware that we all have certain habits we don’t even realize we’re doing when we’re nervous.Me? I pick at the skin around my nails. It’s a pain (literally) and I never notice I’m doing it until later.This can be a key characteristic that will make your characters feel more real and help make them more relatable to your readers, which will make them want to give you those 5-star reviews. Character Development ExerciseMake a small list for each of your characters. Write down 2 odd habits for each of them and decide which is their go-to (the one they do without even thinking about it) and which is made worse through nerves or anxiety.#4 No character can be perfectIt can be real ly hard to write your favorite fictional person as having flaws. After all, we want people to love them, right?But a â€Å"perfect† character is not lovable they’re hateable because it’s not realistic.The more you try to make your character â€Å"flawless,† the less readers can relate and therefore, they’ll like them less. You have to build flaws into your character just like we all have drawbacks in real like. Character Development ExerciseList 3 major flaws your character has that can actually become problems within your plot. Think about any bad habits they have, situations they dislike, or even personality traits that aren’t seen as â€Å"good† in order to craft these flaws in a realistic fashion.#5 All characters need realistic motivesNo matter which character they or what they want in your story, they need to have a real and valid reason for feeling this way.Take He Who Shall Not Be Named from Harry Potter for example.Voldemor t (woops!) wants to kill Harry. That much we should all know even if you’ve never read or seen the movies. But if he was just trying to kill Harry Potter for the sake of murdering a child, it wouldnt’ make sense.Yes, he’s evil, but he also has a valid reason for wanting him dead, right?He has to kill Harry Potter because he’s the only person who was able to defeat him before and because the prophecy says so.If your characters no matter how minor they are don’t have a motive that makes sense, readers will be pulled out of the story and end up questioning what’s happening, and not in a good way.This is largely how plot holes arise so in order to avoid them, stick to this character development method. Character Development ExerciseWhen coming up with your antagonist’s motives, list at least 2 ways in which they’re valid. For Voldemort, it would be the fact that Harry can kill him and that he wants to rule the wizarding world. Your bad character has to have at least 2 strong reasons for opposing your protagonist and they should make sense given their history.#6 Give each character a unique featureThis is particularly for those of you writing Game of Thrones-esque novels with a large number of characters, but it’s important for others as well.When writing a book, you want your readers to easily visualize and differentiate the cast. You want each character to stand out as individuals.A perfect way to do this is to give each person an identifiable feature.For example, let’s use Harry Potter again because you probably know what the main characters look like.Harry has glasses. Hermione has buck teeth (up until she has them shortened a bit too much and this is only in the books for those of you about to argue), and Ron has flaming red hair.These are very distinct features that can help you picture them as wildly different characters.Now, you don’t have to give each and every character som e crazy hair color or style, but try not to have your entire cast look the same.If you have a main character with brown wavy hair, have the next with blonde curly hair, etc.Keep in mind that siblings can certainly look similar! Character Development ExerciseCreate a spreadsheet or other document that lists all your characters and document their features. If you have two characters who spend a lot of time together in your book and you see they look similar, alter their appearance until they’re differentiable.Take my own spreadsheet for my work in progress below as an example.#7 Develop a wide variety of personality typesMeaning, don’t create all of your characters to be the â€Å"dark and sarcastic† type or the â€Å"tough guy† type.You have to have a wide variety of personalities just like in the real world.You can even back up their personality with real-life psychology. As an example, I have two characters who both have a tragic background.However, th ey don’t process that trauma in the same way. One character takes on a very withdrawn approach while the other hides his pain with humor. This gives them very different personalities despite having similar histories. Character Development ExerciseReference your character’s backstories and do a little research into possible coping mechanisms and how that can affect their personality. Develop it from there in order to have realistic personalities that differ.#8 Match your character’s history with the effects of itThis is when some research will come into play, which should be required anyway. Looking into some psychological effects of trauma can help you accurately and realistically dive into character development.Now, not all characters go through trauma, but there are other big life events that can shape how they behave.If you have a character whose parents were very strict growing up, they may be a bit of a rebel and lack the decision making abilities others h ave mostly because they never learned how since their parents made those choices for them. Character Development ExerciseSince you know your character’s backstory, do a little research into how those specific struggles or realities can shape a person’s psyche in order to accurately and realistically craft their behavior.#9 Make secondary characters foil typesThis is largely to help with personality contract within your novel. Most of the time, this will happen naturally if you’re giving each character a unique personality but it’s great to keep in mind anyway.If you have secondary characters (characters who get a decent amount of page time but are not main characters), craft their personality types to show the opposite of the main characters’.Why? Because you want to firstly create more diversity and secondly, create some non-plot-specific conflict. Character Development ExercisePinpoint your secondary characters and development them in a way tha t makes them clash or oppose your main characters in certain ways. Think about what could annoy your main character the most and give your secondary characters some of those habits or personality traits.#10 Give each character a distinct voiceWe all speak differently and that means your characters should too. Depending on where they’re from, they could have different accents, slang, and even phrases they tend to use regularly.Think of a friend of yours for a minute. What are some specific phrases they use a lot?It’s likely you were able to think of something in just a few seconds because it’s so unique to them and something they say a lot.Your characters should be developed in the same way.If you write two characters from very different areas of the world and they have the same style of speaking, your audience will be pulled out of the story because it’s not realistic. Their voices have to be consistent and not the same. Character Development ExerciseThe se tips can ensure your characters speak differently: Choose a slang word each character likes to use Use different wording for the same meaning like â€Å"apologies† versus â€Å"I’m sorry† or â€Å"my bad† Use unique sentence structures to give each character a unique speaking rhythm Make sure your more educated characters speak like it and your less educated use simpler words and phrases Create phrases similar to â€Å"knee-high to a grasshopper† with unique meanings for your characters’ specific regions Read their dialogue out loud in the voice you image they have and make changes if necessary The point of giving your characters unique voices is to ensure your readers imagine them as real people instead of two-dimensional beings living in paper.#11 Create a diverse cast in every wayI’ll be honest, there is a very real problem in literature when it comes to diversity.You can debate this all you want, but coming from someone who reads many books, it’s a very real issue that only you and other writers going forward can correct.Your book should be just as diverse as the real world.If you don’t have characters with varying skin, hair, or eye colors along with varying body types, disabilities, and even mental illnesses, your characters are not diverse enough.You do not have to write a book about these things in order for you to include them in your novel.For example, one of my main characters has high levels of anxiety. His storyline does not revolve around this mental illness, but it is there, seen, and can affect his plot. Character Development ExerciseLook through your characters and their appearances as well as their personalities. If there isn’t clear diversity amongst them, create it. You want to make sure you are allowing diverse readers to feel included, heard, and represented.#12 Avoid stereotypes This is really a â€Å"do not do† tip versus a â€Å"must do† tip . The reason for this is because so many writers feel as though they need a â€Å"side character† (or even a main character) but is too lazy to do the real work.Which means they create a stereotype of a specific type of person that can oftentimes be harmful without the author even knowing.A great way to ensure you never have offensive stereotyped characters is to use a sensitivity reader or make sure you have a diverse group of beta readers who can speak on behalf of the characters you’ve developed. What is a Character Arc?A character arc is used to describe the inner and even outer journey, which can be physical, mental, emotional, or otherwise that a character experiences throughout the duration of the story or plot.You thought you were done learning about character development, didn’t you?You’re not! In addition to crafting well-rounded characters, you also have to think about including arcs for them.How to Create a Character ArcAt the very least, your protagonist, or main character, requires an arc for their storyline and journey to be captivating and satisfying for readers.As an example, I’m going to use Harry Potter from that series simply because it’s widely known and his character arc even within the first novel is distinct.Harry Potter starts the novel as an 11-year-old kid suffering from emotionally abusive relatives who care for him due to his parents passing away.But by the end of the movie, Harry has discovered he’s a wizard, learned of his prominence in the wizarding world, and even taken on Voldemort himself (well, sort of).This character arc is distinct in that his mental and emotional journey from start to finish is wildly different. Harry Potter is not the same at the end as he was in the beginning and this remains true throughout each book in the series.When your character comes out at the end of the book as a transformed person in certain senses, it’s a character arc.Above is an examp le of what a character arc looks like on paper and how you can utilize plot elements in order to further your character’s development.Character development questionsIf youre looking for a way to further develop your characters in order to create lifelike and realistic personalities, we have a way to help.Here are 50 character development questions to ask:What is their full name?Why did their parents choose that name?What are their parents like?Do they have siblings?What are their siblings like?Were they bullied by their siblings?What order are they in their family (first born, middle, etc.)?What do they look like (full appearance)?Do they have any quirks or nervous habits?What do they do when they get mad?What do they do when theyre happy?Do they have close friends?What are their friends like?Whats their worst habit?Whats their best habit?Whats their biggest weakness?Whats their biggest strength?What is something they want to improve upon?Whats something they excel in?Did the y go to school or an equivalent?What were they like in school?Do they like to learn?Are they a rebel?Are they an obliger (people-pleaser)?Are they internally motivated?Do they look to others for help in times of stress?What is their stress response?Do they think logically or emotionally to make decisions?Are they able to make decisions clearly when emotional?What are their beliefs on religion?Do they have a strong moral compass?What do they value most in life (money, happiness, etc.?)What is something that would trigger irrational behavior?Are they introverted or extroverted?Are they a troublemaker or do they play by the rules?Whats something that fulfills them?Do they know their lifes purpose?Whos someone causing emotional struggles in their life?Who do they go to when theyre upset?What type of weather do they enjoy most?What are their sleeping habits like?What are their eating habits like?Whats something they could change about their world if they could?Are they someone who speaks up for themselves?Are they a passive person?What are they like at their very worst?What are they like at their very best?What do they envision their life to be 10 years from now?What do they want for their life when theyre old and gray?What does the perfect life look like in their eyes?Your Next Steps But Only if You’re a Serious WriterIt’s time to get serious about your book. If you’re here, it means you want to learn how to write your book to the best of your ability.That’s exactly what we can help with.We put together this FREE training for you to understand what it takes to write and publish a book.Make sure to watch this because you can create incredible characters all you want, but they’ll never see the light of day without publishing.

Competition law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Competition law - Essay Example An exclusive distribution system is whereby a company, (manufacturer) grants exclusive rights of its products and/or services, to another company1. The most common form is when a single distributor acquires exclusive rights to market a product in a specific territory. Exclusive distribution limits sales to one dealer or to one distributor in a given market. Take the example of Sealy, a company that manufactures high quality mattresses and beddings products. In 1967 entered into an agreement to have its products distributed under the Sealy name and trademark, however the condition was that the companies to take up the distribution of the products were not to; 1. Be engaged, in contract, to any other company and not to distribute any other products whether beddings or not. 2. Sticking to a precise territory of sale and not to out of their allocated and agreed upon jurisdiction. The courts in the USA agreed to the terms that were being offered to the distributing companies by the manufa cturing company Sealy and termed then ‘horizontally correct’. This is because they looked at the substance rather than the form. This is the same as that of the Lolo Cars PLC and a hypothetical car distribution company called Zeek in Germany’s capital city Berlin2. The two decide to come to an exclusive distribution agreement of the sports cars. Zeek is located in Berlin, and it is limited to the boundaries of the city. The following will be the nature of the agreement; Lolo Cars PLC shall not be involved directly or indirectly in the sale, or even offer to sell its sports cars in Berlin. This is because it is an area exclusively under the authority of Zeek. This is evident in the American-Japan agreement on the sale of laser printers manufactured in Japan and sold in the USA. The Canon LPC laser printer is manufactured by a Japanese company but is distributed by Eastman Kodak Company in USA and is even rebranded as Hewlett-Packard and Corona data Systems. Zeek i s not allowed to sell the sports cars from Lolo Cars to any other part outside Berlin, and this is because it is aregion that has been demarcated for it. Advertisement of the sports cars outside Berlin is also not allowed. Zeek is also not to supply other products within Berlin that are assumed to be competing with the products of Lolo Cars. That means that Zeek cannot sign another agreement contract with another sports cars manufacturing company, especially if it should supply those cars within Berlin.Zeek should place a written order of the number of the cars that they would like (Roger & Culloch 314). This not only brings about transparency in the activities between the two firms but also gets rid of any form of fraud, and hence brings about responsibility. Lolo CarsCompany can change the price list of its sports cars only once in a year, and should give a written notice of sixty days to Zeek. This is because Zeek needs time to be able to inform their already established clientel e about the changes in the prices. Zeek shall use commercially reasonable efforts to promote the sale. Lolo Cars Company should first pass these efforts. If Lolo Cars does not agree with the methods of marketing and advertisement, then Zeek will not use it. These efforts also mean that they will train their own personnel that will be used tomarket and

Drug abuse program Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Drug abuse program - Assignment Example In the past two decades, many measures have been taken by the government in order to improve the delivery of health care services particularly with reference to the drug abuse treatment and psychological health improvement in the Los Angeles County. People addicted to substance abuse that also suffer from mental problems are said to have dual diagnosis. Measures have been taken to increase the access of dually diagnosed people to medical care and coordinate the required services for such individuals. To make the system more efficient, it was imperative that the current status of the delivery of service was thoroughly researched. In order to achieve that, a study was conducted in which the administrators and the treatment staff of the programs based on substance abuse and mental health, who served the dually diagnosed patients were involved. A total of 15 administrators and 99 staff members considered the accessibility of the dually diagnosed patients to health care services and the c oordination of health care services much lower in comparison to 10 mental health administrators and 136 staff members, who gave a higher rating on each of the two factors (Grella, Gil-Rivas, and Cooper, 2004). In order to improve the coordination in the delivery of mental health services in substance abuse treatment and mental health improvement programs, the divergence in the concepts of the administrators needs to be lessened first because efficient working of the system requires them to work in close collaboration with one another.

The Effects of Western Imperialism on China and Japan Essay -- Cause E

The Effects of Western Imperialism on China and Japan   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  China and Japan had very different experiences with Western Imperialism . Their reactions to western interference would lay a foundation for their destiny in a world that was rapidly progressing forward , leaving the traditional world behind .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  China viewed themselves as totally self sufficient , superior , and the only truly civilized land in a barbarous world. They were inward looking and were encouraged by the conservative Confucianistic beliefs of their emperors to cling to the ancient and traditional ways of the past . They slid rapidly behind in industrial development , refusing to acknowledge the need for shipbuilding or naval development , and saw no importance in European trade .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Then in the 1800's , Europe thrust its way into the heart of the Middle Kingdom, shattering and destroying its isolation forever. China would then be involved in four wars during the nineteenth century ; Britain's opium war (1839- 1842), a second war (1856-1860) fought by British and French , the Sino-Japanese war (1894-1895) , and a final western invasion involving British , French , German , Japanese and U.S troops (1899-1900). Chinese Emperors were compelled to sign unequal treaties and were forced to open a number of ports , as well as agree to other territorial concessions . China was also forced to open its seacoasts and its rivers to Western intruders . The Europeans also exploited China's land... The Effects of Western Imperialism on China and Japan Essay -- Cause E The Effects of Western Imperialism on China and Japan   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  China and Japan had very different experiences with Western Imperialism . Their reactions to western interference would lay a foundation for their destiny in a world that was rapidly progressing forward , leaving the traditional world behind .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  China viewed themselves as totally self sufficient , superior , and the only truly civilized land in a barbarous world. They were inward looking and were encouraged by the conservative Confucianistic beliefs of their emperors to cling to the ancient and traditional ways of the past . They slid rapidly behind in industrial development , refusing to acknowledge the need for shipbuilding or naval development , and saw no importance in European trade .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Then in the 1800's , Europe thrust its way into the heart of the Middle Kingdom, shattering and destroying its isolation forever. China would then be involved in four wars during the nineteenth century ; Britain's opium war (1839- 1842), a second war (1856-1860) fought by British and French , the Sino-Japanese war (1894-1895) , and a final western invasion involving British , French , German , Japanese and U.S troops (1899-1900). Chinese Emperors were compelled to sign unequal treaties and were forced to open a number of ports , as well as agree to other territorial concessions . China was also forced to open its seacoasts and its rivers to Western intruders . The Europeans also exploited China's land...

Health care challenges Essay

Our country is set to face a new way of managing health which could potentially change the environment on how nurses deliver care. As our nation prepares for the implementation of Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, nursing as a healing profession has to be open to what the future of health management holds. The goal is to have all registered nurses reach a high level of understanding and acquire tools necessary to provide the best possible way at a low cost. It is both moral and professional obligation of our leaders to ensure that highly competent and well trained nurses are available throughout this transition. To achieve this goal, nurse educators are the key players to train both novice and seasoned nurses to the change based on the new policies and evidence-based research. However, our Nurse Educators are overwhelmed with their current workload hence causing faculty shortage in the country. A recent study published on 2011 aimed to explore the relation of nursing faculty shortage to their workload, determine if there are evidences that the faculty workload is not equitable and the implication/effect to the nursing research and nursing academic. According to this study, there are multiple factors that influence the nursing faculty shortage such as lack of interest from the nurses to try academic careers, time spends to clinical practice defers pursuance into academic positions, low salaries, high educational costs, nursing education dissatisfaction and most importantly low institutional funding for additional nurse educator positions. Nancy Falk stated in her article that â€Å"despite current critical shortage and growing demand for nurses and nurse educators, federal funding falls far short of addressing these healthcare workforce challenges. Workforce projections suggest that the US will face a shortage of 285,000 nurses by 2015 and 500, 000 by 2025.† (Mason, Leavitt & Chaffee, 2012, p 58). Also, American Association Colleges of Nursing reported on 2011-2012, that nursing schools turned away 75,587 applicants who are qualified for baccalaureate and graduate nursing programs because of inadequate nursing faculty including clinical preceptors. These challenges ultimately impact the future of patient care if not addressed. Faculty leaders must work in partnership to create a strategy that will help prevent further faculty shortage by focusing on balanced faculty workload to avoid burnout. This article emphasized on the continuous support by government officials especially adequate funding to nursing education. AACN is allocating its resources to protect federal funding for academic development programs, identify strategies to prevent nursing educator shortage. Additional solution is to create a mentorship program for nurse faculty. This strategy was confirmed by various literature and studies to promote nursing faculty recruitment and retention. Mentorship brings encouragement and direction to clinical educators who are new to the role and prevent burnout. Health care system will be lost without nurses in our society. Statistic shows that there are currently 2.9 million nurses in the United States but nurses with special skills such as in education is extremely needed. Nurse Educators, in some ways, affect the lives of everyone. It is through this role where highly competent, compassionate healers such as nurses are produced. â€Å"The future of the nursing profession depends on a steady supply of nurses to provide the quality care to patients† (Cowen & Moorhead, 2011, p. 60)

Fort Street Presbyterian Church Work Of Architecture - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 980 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2018/12/28 Category Architecture Essay Type Research paper Level High school Did you like this example? Introduction The present Fort Street Presbyterian Church building is located in Detroit, Michigan. It is acclaimed as one of the tallest human-made structure standing 81 meters at its steeple in that city. Its construction started in 1855, and it was not completed until 1876 making it one among the oldest churches situated in Detroit. The records of the building can be found in the state and national historic registers (Marsden, George). In this regard, the analysis of the construction, materials, historical references and, works style are highlighted in this paper. Analysis of the works style During the construction period, Fort Street was an aesthetic part of the neighborhood. The surrounding members include elite class such as Zachariah Chandle, James F. Joy and, Russel A. Alger. Zachariah Chandler in his Memorial Address booklet states that the construction of the church was caused by an influx of English Protestants in 1849 when a second Presbyterian church was organized by Reverend Robert Kellogg. The land in which the church is built was bought from Mr. Shadrack and Mary Gillett (Woodford, Arthur). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Fort Street Presbyterian Church Work Of Architecture" essay for you Create order Mr. Albert H. Jordan from Connecticut was chosen as the architect. As the architect, Jordan designed the churchs exemplary manifestation of Gothic Revival architecture. Additionally, He was mandated in constructing the larger portion of the church. Albert also designed other notable building that is renowned throughout the US. James Anderson was Jordans draftsman who later designed the Detroits Old City Hall (Marsden, George). Analysis of the construction The total cost of the site and building was about $ 1.8 million. This money was difficult to raise making only a part of the church to be constructed using the available funds. Fifteen years later, the ambitious open construction was completed by creating gallery and pews resembling the original design (Thompson, Ernest). This was primarily caused by the small number of the church congregation which was only 167 people at the time. A reconditioning program that included installation of black walnut pews and crescent gallery was instituted in 1870. Baptismal font found in the church is made of Caen stone, supported by onyx columns imported from Mexico. These materials are used to make the building stable since its an ancient building (Marsden, George). The materials were sourced from Mexico because of their availability there and the ease of making them. The buildings slate roof was replaced in 2013. This was done after a fire broke out but there have since been other significant fixtures and renovations in the building. The church was able to raise $700,000 where a never fading green slate mined in a quarry in Vermont was used (Woodford, Arthur). Engineers tested the material which was observed to be three times stronger than ordinary slate. Materials The primary material that was used for the construction of the church was limestone that was mined in the Ontario quarries. Modern materials were used for interior furnishing to give the building a stylish look. Limestone was used because it easily forms the required shape and also a valuable natural resource (Nevin, Alfred). The Ontario quarry was used to source the limestone due to its proximity to the city of Detroit. New lights have been installed in the building, and the roof has been built using modern materials. Moreover, there is a facade which stands at 265 feet (81 meters) tall square tower consisting of the spire on one side with a shorter turret which is octagonal. A central stained glass is fitted in the windows to illuminate the sanctuary. The church has seven bays along the side with flying buttresses, crocheted finials, lacy stonework and tall windows, which is designed to give the impression of lightness (Marsden, George). The sanctuarys interior features a three-aisled nave and a horseshoe balcony capable that can seat about 1,000 people. Tiles are fitted on the stone floor and are early works of Mary Chase Perry Stratton, founder of Pottery. The solid brass lectern which is in a shape of an eagle was exhibited at 1893 during the Worlds Columbian Exposition which was held in Chicago to showcase outstanding architecture (Woodford, Arthur). Historical References The churchs gymnasium was converted to a dormitory during World War II according to the churchs website. Furthermore, in recent times the facility has been used to house homeless people as a way to give back to the society by feeding them weekly (https://fortstreet.org/). The church has also maintained artistry records and works for public viewing. This has led to the promotion of tourism in the local area thus leading to its growth. The building is acclaimed as an architectural marvel of the 19th century. Its Gothic design which was inspired by the Gothic Revival which began in England in the eighteenth century (Nevin, Alfred). Accounts of incidents such as the 1876 fire that destroyed interior and roof of the church have been suitably recorded. However, the church was later rebuilt in the following year where its 230-foot spire was made. There was another fire which broke out when electricians were replacing the lights, but it has since been renovated (Farmer, Silas). There have been other small fixtures made to match its present look. Conclusion The Fort Street Presbyterian church is a physical proof of the 19th century Gothic Revival construction style. It has a robust foundation which was made using limestone making it stand the test of time. The church facilitated the growth of the surrounding community through its historical design that attracts both local and international tourists. Works Cited Farmer, Silas. The history of detroit and michigan or the metropolis illustrated. 1889. Marsden, George M. Fundamentalism and American culture. Oxford University Press, 2006. Nevin, Alfred. Encyclopaedia of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America: Including the Northern and Southern Assemblies. Presbyterian Encyclopaedia Publishing Company, 1884. Thompson, Ernest Trice. Presbyterians in the South: 1861-1890. Vol. 13. Westminster John Knox Press, 1963. Woodford, Arthur M.? This is Detroit, 1701-2001. Wayne State University Press, 2001. https://fortstreet.org/ https://www.historicdetroit.org/building/fort-street-presbyterian-church/

Battle of Midway in World War II

The Battle of Midway was fought June 4-7, 1942, during World War II (1939-1945) and was the turning point of the war in the Pacific. Commanders U.S. Navy Admiral Chester Nimitz, Commander-in-Chief, U.S. Pacific FleetRear Admiral Frank J. Fletcher, Task Force 17 (senior tactical commander)Rear Admiral Raymond Spruance, Task Force 16 Imperial Japanese Navy Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, Commander-in-Chief, Combined Fleet Background In the months after their successful attack on the U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor, the Japanese commenced a rapid push south into the Netherlands East Indies and Malaya. Driving back the British, they captured Singapore in February 1942 before defeating a combined Allied fleet in the Java Sea. Landing in the Philippines, they swiftly occupied much of Luzon before overcoming Allied resistance on the Bataan Peninsula in April. In the wake of these stunning victories, the Japanese sought to extend their control by securing all of New Guinea and occupying the Solomon Islands.  Moving to block this thrust, Allied naval forces scored a strategic victory at the Battle of Coral Sea on May 4-8 despite losing the carrier USS Lexington (CV-2).   Yamamotos Plan Following this setback, the commander of the Japanese Combined Fleet, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, devised a plan to draw the remaining ships of the U.S. Pacific Fleet into a battle where they could be destroyed. To accomplish this, he planned to invade the island of Midway, 1,300 miles northwest of Hawaii. Dubbed Operation MI, Yamamotos plan called for coordinating several battle groups across large expanses of ocean. These included  Vice Admiral Chuichi Nagumos First Carrier Striking Force (4 carriers), Vice Admiral Nobutake Kondos invasion force, as well as the battleships of the First Fleet Main Force. This final unit was personally led by Yamamoto aboard the battleship Yamato. As Midway was key to Pearl Harbors defense, he believed the Americans would send their remaining aircraft carriers to protect the island. Due to faulty intelligence which had reported Yorktown sunk at Coral Sea, he believed only two American carriers remained in the Pacific. Nimitzs Response At Pearl Harbor, Admiral Chester Nimitz, Commander in Chief of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, was made aware of the impending attack by his team of cryptanalysts led by Lieutenant Commander Joseph Rochefort. Having successfully broken the Japanese JN-25 naval code, Rochefort was able to provide an outline of the Japanese plan of attack as well as the forces involved. To meet this threat, Nimitz dispatched Rear Admiral Raymond A. Spruance with the carriers USS Enterprise (CV-6) and USS Hornet (CV-8) to Midway hoping to surprise the Japanese. Though he had never commanded carriers previously, Spruance assumed this role as Vice Admiral William Bull Halsey was unavailable due to a severe case of dermatitis. The carrier USS Yorktown (CV-5), with Rear Admiral Frank J. Fletcher, followed two days later after damage received at Coral Sea was hastily repaired. Attack on Midway Around 9 a.m. on June 3, a PBY Catalina flying from Midway spotted Kondos force and reported its location. Acting on this information, a flight of nine B-17 Flying Fortresses took off from Midway and mounted an ineffective attack against the Japanese. At 4:30 a.m. on June 4, Nagumo launched 108 planes to attack Midway Island, as well as seven scout planes to locate the American fleet. As these aircraft were departing, 11 PBYs took off from Midway in search of Nagumos carriers. Brushing aside the islands small force of fighters, the Japanese planes pounded Midways installations. While returning to the carriers, the strike leaders recommended a second attack. In response, Nagumo ordered his reserve aircraft, which had been armed with torpedoes, to be rearmed with bombs. After this process had commenced, a scout plane from the cruiser Tone reported locating the American fleet. The Americans Arrive Upon receiving this news, Nagumo reversed his rearmament order. As a result, the hangar decks of the Japanese carriers were full of bombs, torpedoes, and fuel lines as ground crews scrambled to reequip the aircraft. As Nagumo vacillated, the first of Fletchers planes arrived over the Japanese fleet. Armed with sighting reports from the PBYs which had located the enemy at 5:34 a.m., Fletcher had begun launching his aircraft at 7 a.m. The first squadrons to arrive were the TBD Devastator torpedo bombers from Hornet (VT-8) and Enterprise (VT-6). Attacking at a low level, they failed to score a hit and suffered heavy casualties. In the case of the former, the entire squadron was lost with only Ensign George H. Gay, Jr. surviving after being rescued by a PBY after spending 30 hours in the water. Dive Bombers Strike the Japanese Though VT-8 and VT-6 did not do any damage, their attack, coupled with the late arrival of VT-3, pulled the Japanese combat air patrol out of position, leaving the fleet vulnerable. At 10:22 a.m., American SBD Dauntless dive bombers approaching from the southwest and northeast struck the carriers Kaga, Soryu, and Akagi. In less than six minutes they reduced the Japanese ships to burning wrecks. In response, the remaining Japanese carrier, Hiryu, launched a counter-strike. Arriving in two waves, its planes twice disabled Yorktown. Later that afternoon, American dive bombers located Hiryu and sank it, completing the victory. Aftermath On the night of June 4, both sides retired to plan their next move. By 2:55 a.m., Yamamoto ordered his fleet to return to base. In the following days, American aircraft sunk the cruiser Mikuma, while the Japanese submarine I-168 torpedoed and sank the disabled Yorktown. The defeat at Midway broke the back of the Japanese carrier fleet and resulted in the loss of invaluable aircrews. It also marked the end of major Japanese offensive operations as the initiative passed to the Americans. That August, U.S. Marines landed on Guadalcanal and began the long march to Tokyo. Casualties U.S. Pacific Fleet Losses 340 killedAircraft Carrier USS YorktownDestroyer USS Hammann145 aircraft Imperial Japanese Navy Losses 3,057 killedAircraft Carrier AkagiAircraft Carrier KagaAircraft Carrier SoryuAircraft Carrier HiryuHeavy Cruiser Mikuma228 aircraft

Touching the Minds of Tomorrow’s Leaders Essay - 793 Words

Touching the Minds of Tomorrow’s Leaders By nature, children are curious. I do not agree with philosophers who believe that children are either good or evil. Instead, I believe that children want to take the world in and experience the new things life has to offer to shape their personalities. The nature of knowledge is very relevant to what point they are at in life and at what particular place. For example, if a child is raised in a place where there is nothing but put-downs, he too, will learn to put down himself and others. If a child is raised into a loving environment where independence is encouraged, he will grow up a loving, independent individual. Most learning takes place in the early years of life,†¦show more content†¦A good education helps children know that they can go further, if they try. Everyone has the ability to learn and further his or her education no matter the age. Teachers can teach more than just math and reading. In my classroom, I want to instill that they can explore and learn as far as they let it. I do not want students afraid of asking for help when problems occur, yet I want them to learn strategies in problem-solving that can help them whenever someone isn’t there to help. I want my students to gain self-respect, a feeling of self-worth, and to know that everyone is different but they all hurt just the same. Like Rousseau, I also feel that play is an important aspect in childhood development. Structured play should be used, but set a particular time and place for it. Unstructured play allows children to explore different things in the world around them. With the proper amount of supervision, this can also be a learning activity. Children should be encouraged to paint, count blocks, and color. Stimulation can also be offered by reading books with pictures in them and singing songs. A teacher should be a good example by having good self-control and an overall good behavior towards the students. Positive reinforcements should be used for good behavior and allow for the natural consequences when a child is disruptive. Punishments should be given along with an explanation and should fit the inappropriate behavior.Show MoreRelatedThe Washington County School District Organizational Strategies Essay1229 Words   |  5 Pageshearts and minds, to guide them into becoming empowered and creative individuals who will be tomorrow’s leaders. Serving as a teacher, I am constantly learning and bettering my own skills and knowledge as an individual while in the process of teaching students. There is a lot of fun in learning! It gives me great satisfaction to see my students academically succeed and ov ercome their daily challenges both inside and outside of the classroom. There is no better feeling in the world than touching the lifeRead MoreThe Washington County School District Essay1238 Words   |  5 Pageshearts and minds, to guide them into becoming empowered and creative individuals who will be tomorrow’s leaders. Serving as a teacher, I am constantly learning and bettering my own skills and knowledge as an individual while in the process of teaching students. There is a lot fun in learning! It gives me great satisfaction to see my students academically succeed and overcome their daily challenges both inside and outside of the classroom. There is no better feeling in the world than touching the liveRead MoreManaging Diversity in the 21st Century Workplace7087 Words   |  29 Pagesboth society and the workplace. Even though these movements differ from organizations seeking to move into the global market, the message that Human Resource Managers are trying to send into the workplace is the same. It is crucial that managers, leaders, and employees learn to adapt to the changes occurring in the workplace today. Teaching employees how to accept diverse team members, and realize the strategic benefits from having a diverse workforce is an important part of diversity management. Read More65 Suc cessful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 Pageswith people with business backgrounds, we are positive that this book will also inspire nontradi.... tional applicants because they will realize that there is no such thing as a standard applicant at Harvard Business SchooL We encourage you to bear in mind that your profession is not what makes the essay special. What makes you special is how you make the big (or small) decisions in life and how they have led to your growth. The only common strain in the successful essaysis that applicants have clearlyRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesFourth Edition I. Management 17 17 2. The Evolution of Management Thought Hughes−Ginnett−Curphy †¢ Leadership, Fifth Edition I. Leadership is a Process, Not a Position 51 51 70 1. Leadership is Everyone’s Business 2. Interaction between the Leader, the Followers the Situation Cohen †¢ Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition 11. Leadership: Exerting Influence and Power 94 94 Text Palmer−Dunford−Akin †¢ Managing Organizational Change 2. Images of Managing Change 121 121Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages.............................................................. 517 Good Evidence ............................................................................................................................... 518 A Cautious Approach with an Open Mind ................................................................................ 519 Discovering Causes, Creating Explanations, and Solving Problems...................................... 521 Confirming by Testing ................................Read MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagessociety. There is documented proof that cigarette smoking is harmful to health. This is an ethical conflict for cigarette marketers. An example of the second type of conflict, when one’s personal values conflict with the organizations occurs when a leader in the company seeks personal gain (usually financial profit) from false advertising. â€Å"Cures† for fatal diseases are one type of product that falls into this category of ethical conflict: In their greed to make a profit, a marketer convinces thoseRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesprescription, or act of the legislature, with authority to preserve certain rights in perpetual succession (The Oxford English Dictionary). Here, for instance, the very word corporation metaphorically invokes an image of the body corporate in which the leaders of the organization are similar to the b rains of the human body. This entails what is called anthropomorphization, literally meaning the ascription of human form, qualities and attributes. As we shall see in this book, a great deal of organizationRead MoreI Love Reading Essay69689 Words   |  279 Pagesdevelopment. It has undertaken this study to explore factors that have advanced Entrepreneurship in India as also various other factors that could further encourage and facilitate even greater growth. Deï ¬ nition: For the purposes of this study and keeping in mind its key role in creating value, NKC deï ¬ nes Entrepreneurship as follows: ‘Entrepreneurship is the professional application of knowledge, skills and competencies and/or of monetizing a new idea, by an individual or a set of people by launching an enterpriseRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesquestion or don’t fully understand why you got the correct response, go back to the material in the chapter and reread the materia l. Learning, however, goes beyond just passing a test. It also means preparing yourself to perform successfully in tomorrow’s organizations. You’ll find that organizations today require their employees to work more closely together than at any time in the past. Call it teams, horizontal organizational structures, matrix management, or something similar, the fact remains

Thessalonians Free Essays

Thessalonians Thessalonians is based on two different letters that was written to the Christian community in Thessalonica. The purpose of the first letter was to clear up some of the misunderstandings about the return of Christ. The second letters purpose was to still clear up some of the misunderstandings about the Day of the Lord for they thought the day had already come. We will write a custom essay sample on Thessalonians or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first letter to the Christian community was sent from Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy, though Paul was the main author. Paul was writing to them to clear up their misunderstandings about the return of Christ, also considers it as instructions in holy living. Paul wrote about his longing to visit the church in Thessalonica but he couldn’t because Satan had stopped them (1 Thessalonians 2:18). Though some believe the second letter to the Christian community is wrote by Paul others do not. Many scholars point out how the writing style, vocabulary, and structure of the 2 Thessalonians are too similar to the 1 Thessalonians. They suggest that it was written by an anonymous author 50 years after Paul’s death, using the 1 Thessalonians as their guideline. The early witnesses for the belief that Paul is not the author are strong and include Igantius, Justin, and Polycarp. Although there seems to be different beliefs on who wrote the 2 Thessalonians, no one will really know. Paul’s reasoning for both letters seems to be along the same point to clear up the misunderstanding of the return of Christ and how the Christian community of Thessalonica was being persecuted for they believed that the Day of the Lord had already come. The first book of Thessalonians was suspected to have been written in 49-51 CE when Paul was on his Corinthian mission. (Acts 17-18) records Paul’s visits to Thessalonica and then to Athens, and to Corinth, which is how they correspond the date of the letter. It has been read that Paul did not starting writing his letters until he started traveling to the various places. Therefore they based these dates on traveling companions and cross referenced between 1 Thessalonians and Acts. There are many arguments about when the 2 Thessalonians was written, because they believe that Paul did not write the letter. Depending on the actual authorship of the letter would be what the date of it was written would depend on. Stating that if the letter was written by someone else but in Paul’s name, it is said that it may have been wrote in the late first or perhaps the early second CE. With that being said it is not sure on the exact date or time frame that the 2 Thessalonians was wrote. With many opinions about the date and who wrote the 2 Thessalonians it will not be known until the authorship of the letter is cleared up. There is enough evidence on when 1 Thessalonians was written. How they correspond the dates to when he was traveling and that he was on his mission in Corinthian, which would be around the 49-51 CE. Paul was writing the letter to the churches of Thessalonica which is the capital of the Roman province of Macedonia. His purpose of writing was to praise them on their â€Å"faith and love† that Timothy had brought and to focus on the instruction on how to live their Christian lives. Paul was writing this letter while he was on his mission in Corinthian where he was farther south in the province of Achaia. He wants the letter to be read aloud â€Å"to all his brothers† which means all his believers in Thessalonica. In 1 Thessalonians 4:3-4 it is confirmed of the conclusion that the churches of Thessalonica was mostly composed of gentile believers. Unlike Jews the Roman gentiles was notorious for being sexually immoral which is what Paul wanted the Thessalonians to keep them from. Both of the letters is written to the same audience the Christians of the Thessalonica churches. Without knowing who the true author of the second letter is it, there isn’t a for sure location on where the letter was written although it is believed to be in Corinth if Paul did write the letter. Paul’s purpose of the first letter was to correct a misunderstanding about the return of Christ. To also urge his readers to respect their leaders, his could suggest that there was some tension among the people in the churches. He expressed his satisfaction over the progress that the community had made and his joy. His Jewish opponents apparently had made accusations about his cowardice and self-seeking charges brought against him. He points out the importance of Christian morality, to safeguard them from attempts to make new converts to Christian ity and to revert to their old standards. Paul’s purpose of the second letter was to clear up any misunderstandings that came in the first letter. For he talked about the second coming of Christ, so those people believed in the Thessalonica churches that the coming of Christ was soon. Some quite their jobs, refused to work, and become idle busybodies and gossips, so Paul wrote to them also to encourage them to go back to work. The Christians were being persecuted by the Jews for they were hardened by the hearts and jealous of their success. He was telling them that when Christ returned for judgment the ones that was afflicting pain upon them would be punished for their doings. The purpose of both letters is nearly the same, wanting to tell them of the second coming of Christ and live their lives the way that he has instructed them too. The only difference was to clear things up that many had misread in the second letter for they misbelieved that the coming of Christ was soon. For Paul did not know when the actual coming would be but he was warning them of it so they would be ready for judgment day. The first letter from Paul is unique because through most of the letter it is devoted to his prayer and thanksgiving for their faith in Christ. He writes to them concerned for his people and thankful for the time that he has spent with them. In his letter he uses â€Å"You know† and â€Å"You Remember† repeatedly to remind them of the teaching he did to them. This shows how much of a personal relationship he had with the Thessalonian churches. He makes it clear in his letter that he is speaking to the ones that are followers of Jesus Christ. The second letter from Paul is unique as well. He still praises them for their faith in him and in Christ. He tells them of importance of letting their faith and love to continue to grow to be of examples for other churches. Despite all the suffering and pain they have been going through to not let their lives drift away from Christ. Explains the importance of getting prepared for the second coming of Christ and how gives them information about the apostle’s beliefs in when the second coming could be. Both of letters show Paul’s faith and love in the Thessalonians churches. He proves to those that he is very expectant of these churches to be examples for other churches through these letters. That despite the difficulties and pain that some go through that believing in Christ he will help you find your way out as long as you have faith and love in him. Throughout doing this paper I have learned many different opinions of whether Paul actually wrote the second letter or that he didn’t. I have been able to read about how Paul outpours his love and faith for the Thessalonian churches and that he wants them to live their lives for Christ. One of the key points that I have learned is that although you may struggle with difficulties and pain that if you have faith and love in Christ that he will help you find the way to survive these obstacles. Works Cited Coogan, Michael D. , et al. , eds. The New Oxford Annotated Bible. Oxford: New York, 2010. Print. The Providence Forum. Resource. Philadelphia National Bible City. The National Bible Association: Encouraging Everyone to Read the Bible. 2009. 25 Nov. 2012. Guthrie, Donald. New Testament Introduction: The Pauline Epistles. The Tyndale Press, 1960. Print. Holmes, Michael W. , et al. , eds. 1 2 Thessalonians NIV Application Commentary, Minnesota, 1998. Print. How to cite Thessalonians, Essay examples

Information Technology And Consumer Travel - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Information Technology And Consumer Travel. Answer: Introduction The report helps in analyzing the definition of the consumer behavior in the context of an organization. The consumer behavior is the study of the different individuals, groups as well as different processes that are used in order to dispose the different products and services to satisfy the different requirements of the customers. The main aim and purpose of the report is to identify the different importance of the consumer behavior in the organization. The organization that has been taken in the particular report is Coles Supermarket that is based in Australia. The identification of the interest of the organization is essential in nature, as this will help in segmenting the different customers. The structure of the report includes definition of the consumer behavior, importance of consumer behavior in the organization as well as the identification of the organization interest. The different issues faced by the consumers have to be highlighted to solve such issues with proper insight. Overview on consumer behavior The consumer behavior is the study of different individuals along with organizations that include different activities that are associated with it for disposal of goods and services to the individuals in the entire society (Lantos, 2015). There are different factors that are considered in order to satisfy the requirements of the customers in the society that includes marketing campaigns, purchasing power of the individuals and personal preferences. There are different models of consumer behavior that has to be considered, as this is essential to understand the buying decisions of the consumers (Martin Bateman, 2014). Consumer behavior is influenced with the different personal factors that are essential in nature that includes occupation, age, economic conditions, lifestyle of the individuals as well. The economic model of the consumer behavior is the oldest model of the consumer behavior that includes as well as explains the likely behavior of the consumers in buying decisions that are applied by them. This model helps in including the monetary conditions of the individuals regarding their purchasing power. In the economic model, the money is the crucial factor that is required to be analyzed, as this will help in influencing the behavior of the consumers (Madzharov, Block Morrin, 2015). On the other hand, there are different other models of the consumer behavior such as Engel, Kollat and Blackwell Model as well as Black Box Model that has different implementations. However, there are different factors that influence the behavior of the buying of customers such as psychological factors that include motivation, perception along with attitude and beliefs. Consumer buying behavior is the total of the attitude and behavior of the customers and this helps in analyzing the preferences of the customers while buying different goods and services (Jerath, Ma Park, 2014). Importance of consumer behavior in organizations There are different importances of the consumer behavior to the different marketers in the organization. It is essential for the different marketers to understand the consumer behavior in such a manner that they can understand the preferences of the consumers and satisfy the different requirements in an effective manner as well. The importance of the consumer behavior in the organization is explained as follows: The main importance of the consumer behavior in organizations is to understand the buying patterns of the consumers by creating and retaining different customers through online stores (Krishna, 2015) The consumer studies helped in making the marketers understand about the post purchase behavior of the customers in the entire market. This will help the different organizations in the market to become fully aware about the process of consumption in a detailed manner (Li, Linn Muehlegger, 2014) This will help in increasing the knowledge of the sales person, as this will help in influencing the behavior of the consumers while buying different goods and services. Effective kind of marketing of different kind of products and services will help in delivering the right product to the different customers (Napoli et al., 2014) The behavior of the customers is essential in nature as this will help in optimizing the sale of product and this will create focus on the different strategies of marketing. The salesperson of the different markets will help in gaining knowledge on the consumers buying patterns (Oliver, 2014). The consumers are the heart of the business, as this will help in increasing the sales of the customers (Zeugner-Roth, Ã… ½abkar Diamantopoulos 2015). The marketers are responsible for satisfying the different requirements of the customers and this will help in influencing the decision of the customers. The marketers need to analyze the preferences of the customers by conducting different surveys through questionnaires as this will help them in knowing the requirements of the customers (Gruber Schlegelmilch, 2014) The psychology of the customers has to be analyzed by the marketers in an effective manner, as this will help in improving the marketing techniques that can solve such issues with the implementation of effective strategies. Lastly, the sales of the different organizations will be increased with the analysis of the purchases of the consumers. This will help the marketers in increasing their sales and knowing the likes and dislikes of the customers (Chiu et al., 2014). For instance- Suppose in a respective market, there are different customers who are the target customers of the company. There is a launch of a new product in the market purchased by different customers on that day; it is the duty of the marketers to analyze the different preferences of the customers. This will help in understanding the popularity of the product and this will help in analyzing the profits that has been generated from the particular product as well. This example helps in analyzing the preferences of the customers and this is providing proper importance to the customer behavior in the entire competitive market as well. Overview of Coles Supermarket Coles supermarket is the Australian supermarket, retail as well as consumer service chain that is headquartered in Melbourne ("Coles Supermarkets", 2018). The entire company is owned by parent company Wesfarmers that was founded in the year 1914. There are 801 supermarkets throughout Australia having 100,000 employees and they are operating online as well. The total asset that has been generated by Coles is $1 billion and the net revenue that is generated from the company is around $33 billion. The CEO of the respective supermarket Coles is John Durkan and the respective company is performing well in the different operational activities as well. Primary and secondary Customer Profile for Coles Supermarket Primary Customer Profile Brand Loyalists Value for money buyers Taste Seekers There are different buyers who are indifferent in nature. These are the ones who are loyal to single brand and the age group is around 29-35 years of age and usually not married in nature. The main target is the different kind of refreshments and other soft drinks The price is the essential factor and the age group targeted is more than 40 years. The income of the entire family has to be12000-15000 per month. The preferred brands are the different kinds of healthy foods, fruits as well. The taste is the essential factor that is considered and the age group that is targeted is less than 39 years of age. The female customers are the main target customers as they have huge knowledge relating to the different products that are required in the day-to-day life. The main target are the different oil, fruits, vegetables and other necessary ingredients that are required in the day to day life Secondary Customer profile Restaurant Owners School/College Canteens These are the secondary customers as they are the ones who require different kind of ingredients that are required for their restaurant. The age group varies from 29 years and above and this will help in sale of the different goods and services such as for the different vegetables and other spices sale will increase These are the secondary customers as well who purchase different ingredients that are required to prepare the snacks and other items in the canteens. The main age group varies from 25-35 years of age and they help in increasing the sales of the business Identification of issues and solving such issues in consumer behavior There are different issues that are faced by the consumers in the entire competitive market relating to the purchase of different goods and services. The issues that are faced by the consumers while purchasing goods from Coles Supermarket are as follows: There are different internal influences such as attitude of the customers along with the marketers will be one such reason. There can be different situation in the market that is related to the behavior of the marketers in the organization towards the consumers. The marketers may not be able to understand the requirements of the customers and they deliver goods and services that are not essential in nature (Carrington, Neville Whitwell, 2014) Secondly, when a new product is launched in the market, it is the duty of the marketer to guide the customer thoroughly relating to the characteristics of the product. When wrong information is generated to the customers, it will create a wrong impression on the individuals in the entire competitive market Thirdly, when the customer is not satisfied with the product that is provided by the respective supermarket. The situation can be such that the customers demanded a product, however such product was not available in the market and the marketer provides the replacement to the customer that did not meet the expectations that is required in the market (Xiang, Magnini Fesenmaier, 2015). However, there are different ways and processes through which the issues relating to the consumer behavior can be solved with proper implementation of different theories and models. The theories and models will help in analyzing the importance of the customer behavior in such a manner that this will help in solving such issues relating to the marketing strategies. The Maslows hierarchy theory helps in analyzing the different requirements of the customers that include: Physiological Needs Safety Needs Social Needs Esteem Needs Self Actualization Needs The requirements of the consumer behavior has to ascertained in an effective manner as this will help in solving the different issues that are faced by them. The different needs have to be ascertained that will help in solving the matters. Social marketing is essential in nature, as this will help the marketers in understanding the preferences of the customers in the market. The purchase decision of the customers has to be analyzed, as this will help the organization in preparing proper availability of the goods and services in such a manner that this will help in understanding the importance of the consumers. The different steps that can be followed by the marketers in the organization are as follows: The social marketing is essential in nature as the company will help in introducing new products in the market that will increase the marketing of the different goods and services (Couture et al., 2015) The choices of the brand has to be analyzed by the marketers in the respective organization as this will help in influencing the customers towards a particular brand as this will increase the marketing activities (Zhao et al., 2014) The psychology of the customers has to be understood by the marketers in the organization that will help in differing the marketing strategies for selling of different range of goods and services Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that proper ascertainment of the consumer behavior is essential in nature, as this will help in understanding the alternatives that can be adopted to make the customers satisfied. It has been seen that it is the duty of the different marketers in the organization to analyze the requirements of the customers as this helped them in delivering the goods and services in a proper manner. The behavior of the customers played an essential role as this helped in influencing the decisions in an effective manner. Lastly, the marketers require adopting different strategies to improve the marketing campaigns as this will help in implementing the strategies in an effective manner in the future. References Carrington, M. J., Neville, B. A., Whitwell, G. J. (2014). Lost in translation: Exploring the ethical consumer intentionbehavior gap.Journal of Business Research,67(1), 2759-2767. Chiu, C. Y., Kwan, L. Y. Y., Li, D., Peng, L., Peng, S. (2014). Culture and consumer behavior.Foundations and Trends in Marketing,7(2), 109-179. Coles Supermarkets. (2018). Coles.com.au. Retrieved 6 January 2018, from https://www.coles.com.au/ Couture, A., Arcand, M., Sncal, S., Ouellet, J. F. (2015). The influence of tourism innovativeness on online consumer behavior.Journal of Travel Research,54(1), 66-79. Gruber, V., Schlegelmilch, B. B. (2014). How techniques of neutralization legitimize norm-and attitude-inconsistent consumer behavior.Journal of Business Ethics,121(1), 29-45. Jerath, K., Ma, L., Park, Y. H. (2014). Consumer click behavior at a search engine: The role of keyword popularity.Journal of Marketing Research,51(4), 480-486. Krishna, A. (2015). The effect of deal knowledge on consumer purchase behavior. Lantos, G. P. (2015).Consumer behavior in action: Real-life applications for marketing managers. Routledge. Li, S., Linn, J., Muehlegger, E. (2014). Gasoline taxes and consumer behavior.American Economic Journal: Economic Policy,6(4), 302-342. Madzharov, A. V., Block, L. G., Morrin, M. (2015). The cool scent of power: effects of ambient scent on consumer preferences and choice behavior.Journal of Marketing,79(1), 83-96. Martin, W. C., Bateman, C. R. (2014). Consumer religious commitment's influence on ecocentric attitudes and behavior.Journal of Business Research,67(2), 5-11. Napoli, J., Dickinson, S. J., Beverland, M. B., Farrelly, F. (2014). Measuring consumer-based brand authenticity.Journal of Business Research,67(6), 1090-1098. Oliver, R. L. (2014).Satisfaction: A behavioral perspective on the consumer. Routledge. Xiang, Z., Magnini, V. P., Fesenmaier, D. R. (2015). Information technology and consumer behavior in travel and tourism: Insights from travel planning using the internet.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,22, 244-249. Zeugner-Roth, K. P., Ã… ½abkar, V., Diamantopoulos, A. (2015). Consumer ethnocentrism, national identity, and consumer cosmopolitanism as drivers of consumer behavior: A social identity theory perspective.Journal of international marketing,23(2), 25-54. Zhao, H. H., Gao, Q., Wu, Y. P., Wang, Y., Zhu, X. D. (2014). What affects green consumer behavior in China? A case study from Qingdao.Journal of Cleaner Production,63, 143-151.